What Is Perception???

Table of Contents

Meaning of Perception:-

The process whereby people select, organize and interpret sensory stimulus into meaningful information about working environment is known as perception.

Perception is sensation plus extracting meaning, psychological process, obtaining knowledge about external objects and knowledge is obtained by sensory inputs.

Perception is more than sensory inputs supplied by sensory organs and receptors. It is the final products of raw and unprocessed sensations.

Motives, needs, values and attitudes etc influence on perception.

Five senses collect information from environment and send them to brain through nerves. Such information are analyzed, evaluated and transferred to definite meaning, which is called perception.

The physical senses vision, hearing, touch, smell and taste are different from perception. The sensation deals behavior determined by psychological function. Perception is more complex than sensation. Sensation plays important role in private life. Perception plays important role in organizational life.

Features of Perception:-

1.Human Behavior:-

Perception is base of human behavior. Human shows certain behavior due to perception. Human has own perceptions on work, compensations, management, organization, working environment and completion etc.

2.Expectations:-

Perception is influenced by expectations. Expectations help us to make sense of present perception basing the similar past experiences.

3.Cognitive process:-

It is based on learning procedures. One perceives through cognitive process and understands certain condition.

4.Uses senses:-

In order to perception, we capture stimuli through senses. These are vision, smell, taste, hearing and touch.

5.Psychology:-

Perception is the part of psychology. It explains environment to develop attitude and provide meaning of object, individual and condition.

6.Differs from sensation:-

Sensation is a live experience from stimulus in form of reaction while perception is the interpretation of sensation. Sensation plays important role in private life. Perception plays important role in organizational life.

7.Individual Differences:-

Perception differs from person to person. Perception differs according to personal interests, needs and attitudes.

8.Purpose:-

Perception has a purpose which is to acquire a construction. Construction is done to understand situation, remember content and detect risks.

9.Education and Training:-

Perception is learnt up to maximum extent. It can be developed through the medium of education and training.

(10).Personality:-

Personality influences both personality and motivation.

11. Belief:-

Perception is not always based on reality. It is also based on religious belief, fate and ghost etc.

 Perceptual Process Or Process of Perception:-

1.Environmental Stimuli:-
There are various stimuli in environment. They influence on individuals. Those stimulus or information is received by the perceiver. Stimulus can be objects, events, and people. Following five senses help in perceiving or receiving environmental stimulus.

Touch,
Vision,
Taste

Hearing,
Smell etc
Internal stimulus also influence on individual information. It consists of hunger, thrust, pain, diseases and wound etc.

2. Selection:-
Human is achieving uncountable information from the environments.  Brain accepts only necessary, important and specific information and neglects other remaining information. This process is called selection. For example, students in a room accepts what teacher is teaching them but they neglects noises and vehicle sounds arising from outside. Human selection process is influenced by following elements.

Size,
Intensity,
Contrast,
Novelty

Repetition,
Familiarity,
Motion etc

3.Organization:-
Information received in the brain through senses is organized systematically in this third stage of perception process. The common method of organization includes grouping, closure and simplification. Information is grouped according to the similarities. The task of bridging gap on incomplete information is called closure. Simplification is the tasks of making information meaningful and understandable.

4.Interpretation:-
If there is no interpretation, perceived information would be meaningless. So, interpretation of information is done after organizing information. Interpretation is the task of translating information into subjective and judgemental patterns. Followings elements influence on organization and interpretations of information.

Needs,
Values,

Interests,
Attitude,

5.Emotion and Behavior:-
Perception is made in mind finally. Response on such perception is seen on behavior and body due to order of mind. For example:- tears on the death of father, dryness on face due to the failing in exam and working in organization due to the order of boss. Response can be:-

(i). Overt/Covert response:-
Hidden responses in the mind are called overt. Externally shown responses through body expression and speaking are called covert.

(ii).Positive/Negative response:-
If analysis of information provides the feelings of happiness and joy by matching needs and interests of one, such person shows positive response e.g. showing behavior of smiling and happiness.  If information is against his needs and interests, that person shows negative responses e.g. crying, temper and involving in conflicts.

Frequently Asked Questions

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